X-Ray Stress Measurements of Chamaecyparis Obtusa Wood under Repeated Uniaxial Tensile Stress in the Fiber Direction
Takahisa NAKAI, Hiroyuki YAMAMOTO, Masatoshi HAMATAKE and Tetsuya NAKAO
Abstract:This study was performed to investigate the relationship between the cellulose crystal lattice strain (crystalline region) and the macroscopic surface strain in specimens of Chamaecyparis obtusa wood under repeated uniaxial tensile stress in the fiber direction. Changes in the strain of the crystal lattice were measured from the peak of (004) reflection using the transit X-ray method. The macroscopic surface strain of each specimen was measured with a strain gauge. In both loading and unloading, the surface strain changed linearly with changes in stress. However, crystal lattice strain was not linear but exhibited changes along a curve with changing stress. Under stressed conditions, the crystal lattice strain was always less than the surface strain, regardless of the frequency of repetition in the loading and unloading cycle. The ratio of the crystal lattice strain to the surface strain showed a negative correlation for stress in both loading and unloading. That is, the ratio decreased with increasing stress, and finally tended to converge to a specific value. The ratio (I/I0) between the diffracted intensity (I0) in the (004) plane in the unloaded condition and the diffracted intensity (I) in the (004) plane in the loaded condition tended to converge on a specific value with increasing frequency of repetition. When the substantial Youngfs modulus of the wood in the longitudinal direction decreased, the ratio of the strain of the crystal lattice to the surface strain also decreased. Moreover, the ratio decreased with increasing microfibril angle of the specimen. Key Words:Cellulose crystal lattice strain, Macroscopic surface strain, Peak of (004) reflection, Transit X-Ray method